Clinical application of RET

Date：2022-09-30 17:37:52

Source：Dymind

Author：Dymind

Angemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells or the haemoglobin concentration within them is lower than normal. Haemoglobin is needed to carry oxygen and if you have too few or abnormal red blood cells, or not enough haemoglobin, there will be a decreased capacity of the blood to carry oxygen to the body's tissues.

It's a serious global public health problem that particularly affects young children and pregnant women. WHO estimates that 42% of children less than 5 years old and 40% of pregnant women worldwide are anaemic.

As one of the most common laboratory tests for anemia diagnosis, blood routine examination has an important initial screening significance for further diagnosis of anemia. What indicators are associated with anemia in blood routine? There are RBC counting, HGB concentration, MCV, Reticulocytes(RET) and so on.

What is RET?

RET is an immature red blood cell. In the process of erythropoiesis (red blood cell formation), reticulocytes develop and mature in the bone marrow and then circulate for about a day in the blood stream before developing into mature red blood cells. Like mature red blood cells, in mammals, reticulocytes do not have a cell nucleus. They are called reticulocytes because of a reticular (mesh-like) network of ribosomal RNA, which becomes visible under a microscope with certain stains such as new methylene blue and Romanowsky stain.

What 's reference range for RET?

The normal fraction of reticulocytes in the blood depends on the clinical situation.

Adults: 0.5%~2.5%

Infants: 2%-6%

What are the common methods for RET counting?

Manual method:

Manual method is the traditional method of RET counting, that is, counting the proportion of RET stained in vivo in mature RBC with a microscope; Its volume was 1.12 -1.15 times larger than normal RBC, and its diameter was 8 ~ 9.5 um. The specific gravity is light, its resistance is greater than red blood cells.

Analyzer method:

Currently, the mainstream method is fluorescence method, which is usually combined with semiconductor laser scattering technology and flow cytometry for RET testing. The fluorescent signal of RET cells is determined by combining specific fluorescent dye with RNA in RET of the sample. The fluorescence signal is positively correlated with the content in RET, which can distinguish RET in different stages, greatly improving the sensitivity of RET detection as well as simplifying the process.

What are the types of RET?

At present, RET classification generally accepted mainly includes the following four types. Some theories also classify immature red blood cells with nuclei into RET classification, which is called Type O.

However, with the development and progress of instrumental methods, red blood cells with intact nuclei are generally called NRBC.

Therefore, only the following four types of RET are discussed.

1 Type I: dense reticulum in the most immature non-nucleated cell

2 Type Il: more extensive but looser reticulum

3 Type Ill: residual reticulum network ④ Type IV: , scattered granules of reticulum

Dymind's solution in RET detection

Using nucleic acid fluorescence staining technology, DH-615, the new hematology analyzer to be launched by Dymind, can summarize the four types of RET into three parameters according to the different nucleic acid content in different types of RET (different fluorescence intensity) , which are HFR (High Fluorescent Ratio), MFR (Middle Fluorescent Ratio) and LFR (Low Fluorescent Ratio).

Dedicating to healthcare, Dymind has developed its first cutting-edge hematology analyzer with RET, which improves efficiency and accuracy for clinical detection in anemia and other diseases.